informatica:microservers
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+ | ===== Poner IP fija: ===== | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | allow-hotplug eno1 | ||
+ | iface eno1 inet static | ||
+ | address 192.168.1.76 | ||
+ | netmask 255.255.255.0 | ||
+ | gateway 192.168.1.1 | ||
+ | dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 | ||
+ | </ | ||
====== ILO ====== | ====== ILO ====== | ||
Line 104: | Line 114: | ||
{{: | {{: | ||
- | ====== Configuración del RAID ====== | + | ===== Configuración del RAID ===== |
- | Instalamos lvm2 | + | ==== Formatear los discos ==== |
+ | Vemos como están las particiones: | ||
+ | fdisk -l | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Disk /dev/sda: 7.3 TiB, 8001563222016 bytes, 15628053168 sectors | ||
+ | Disk model: ST8000DM004-2CX1 | ||
+ | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | ||
+ | Sector size (logical/ | ||
+ | I/O size (minimum/ | ||
+ | Disklabel type: gpt | ||
+ | Disk identifier: 02ED88CD-1EBC-445B-89DB-6522BEB7EA03 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Device | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | Disk /dev/sdc: 7.3 TiB, 8001563222016 bytes, 15628053168 sectors | ||
+ | Disk model: ST8000DM004-2CX1 | ||
+ | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | ||
+ | Sector size (logical/ | ||
+ | I/O size (minimum/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Disk /dev/sde: 111.8 GiB, 120034123776 bytes, 234441648 sectors | ||
+ | Disk model: KINGSTON SA400S3 | ||
+ | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | ||
+ | Sector size (logical/ | ||
+ | I/O size (minimum/ | ||
+ | Disklabel type: dos | ||
+ | Disk identifier: 0x57311578 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Device | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Disk /dev/sdd: 7.3 TiB, 8001563222016 bytes, 15628053168 sectors | ||
+ | Disk model: ST8000DM004-2CX1 | ||
+ | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | ||
+ | Sector size (logical/ | ||
+ | I/O size (minimum/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Disk /dev/sdb: 7.3 TiB, 8001563222016 bytes, 15628053168 sectors | ||
+ | Disk model: ST8000DM004-2CX1 | ||
+ | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | ||
+ | Sector size (logical/ | ||
+ | I/O size (minimum/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Disk /dev/sdf: 29.3 GiB, 31444697088 bytes, 61415424 sectors | ||
+ | Disk model: Internal SD-CARD | ||
+ | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | ||
+ | Sector size (logical/ | ||
+ | I/O size (minimum/ | ||
+ | Disklabel type: dos | ||
+ | Disk identifier: 0xeefb95d3 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Device | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Tenemos 4 discos de 8Tb Tenemos que poner label GPT y crear una partición como linux raid | ||
+ | |||
+ | Creamos label GPT seleccionando g: | ||
+ | fdisk /dev/sda | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Command (m for help): g | ||
+ | Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: 99B4091D-BC19-D542-9331-B99666D7F464). | ||
+ | The old dos signature will be removed by a write command. | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Ahora creamos la partición y luego modificamos a LINUX RAID | ||
+ | root@nas:~# fdisk /dev/sda | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.33.1). | ||
+ | Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. | ||
+ | Be careful before using the write command. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Command (m for help): p | ||
+ | Disk /dev/sdd: 7.3 TiB, 8001563222016 bytes, 15628053168 sectors | ||
+ | Disk model: ST8000DM004-2CX1 | ||
+ | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | ||
+ | Sector size (logical/ | ||
+ | I/O size (minimum/ | ||
+ | Disklabel type: gpt | ||
+ | Disk identifier: 99B4091D-BC19-D542-9331-B99666D7F464 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Command (m for help): n | ||
+ | Partition number (1-128, default 1): | ||
+ | First sector (2048-15628053134, | ||
+ | Last sector, +/-sectors or +/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Command (m for help): t | ||
+ | Selected partition 1 | ||
+ | Partition type (type L to list all types): 29 | ||
+ | Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Command (m for help): w | ||
+ | The partition table has been altered. | ||
+ | Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. | ||
+ | Syncing disks. | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nos tienen que quedar así: | ||
+ | root@nas:~# blkid | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | /dev/sde1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sde5: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sda1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdb1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdc1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdd1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdf1: LABEL=" | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Crear el RAID ==== | ||
+ | En este caso ya teníamos un RAID y primero hay que borrarlo porque se queda colgado: | ||
+ | root@nas:~# cat / | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] | ||
+ | md127 : inactive sda1[0](S) | ||
+ | 7813893447 blocks super 1.2 | ||
+ | |||
+ | unused devices: < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Lo borramos: | ||
+ | root@nas: | ||
+ | mdadm: stopped /dev/md127 | ||
+ | Ahora si lo podemos crear: | ||
+ | root@nas:~# mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --raid-devices=4 --level=raid5 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric | ||
+ | mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric | ||
+ | mdadm: chunk size defaults to 512K | ||
+ | mdadm: /dev/sda1 appears to be part of a raid array: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | mdadm: size set to 7813893120K | ||
+ | mdadm: automatically enabling write-intent bitmap on large array | ||
+ | Continue creating array? y | ||
+ | mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata | ||
+ | mdadm: array /dev/md0 started. | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Montamos el RAID por UUID | ||
+ | blkid | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | /dev/md0: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sda1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdb1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdc1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sde1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sde5: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdd1: UUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdf1: PARTUUID=" | ||
+ | /dev/sdf2: LABEL=" | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ponemos en /etc/fstab | ||
+ | UUID=955edf36-f785-441e-95e6-ff7cd77fc510 / | ||
Line 119: | Line 312: | ||
mkdir /nfs | mkdir /nfs | ||
mount 192.168.1.250:/ | mount 192.168.1.250:/ | ||
+ | root@nas:/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@nas:/ | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Reiniciamos el servicio | ||
+ | root@nas:/ | ||
+ | exporting 192.168.1.0/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | En el cliente instalamos nfs: | ||
+ | apt-get install nfs-common | ||
+ | |||
+ | Mostramos si lo ve | ||
+ | root@avtp239: | ||
+ | Export list for 192.168.1.250: | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | Lo montamos | ||
+ | root@avtp239:/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Pruebas de recuperación ===== | ||
+ | ===== Recuperación Sistema Operativo ===== | ||
+ | El disco de arranque es un disco sólido de 120Gb | ||
+ | |||
+ | El disco de recuperación es una microsd de 32Gb colocada internamente. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Formateamos la microsd con el LABEL: REAR-0000. Buscamos que disco es: | ||
+ | fdisk -l | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Disk /dev/sda: 29.3 GiB, 31444697088 bytes, 61415424 sectors | ||
+ | Disk model: Internal SD-CARD | ||
+ | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes | ||
+ | Sector size (logical/ | ||
+ | I/O size (minimum/ | ||
+ | Disklabel type: dos | ||
+ | Disk identifier: 0xffbcc21c | ||
+ | |||
+ | Device | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Lo formateamos: | ||
+ | rear format /dev/sda | ||
+ | |||
+ | USB device /dev/sda is not formatted with ext2/3/4 or btrfs filesystem | ||
+ | Type exactly ' | ||
+ | (default ' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Yes | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vemos que lo ha creado correctamente: | ||
+ | blkid | ||
+ | /dev/sda1: LABEL=" | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vemos que está vacia | ||
+ | mount /dev/sda1 / | ||
+ | ls / | ||
+ | |||
+ | lost+found | ||
+ | |||
+ | Instalamos rear | ||
+ | apt-get install rear | ||
+ | Configuramos y excluimos la particion de /mnt/raid: | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | ### write the rescue initramfs to USB and update the USB bootloader | ||
+ | OUTPUT=USB | ||
+ | ### create a backup using the internal NETFS method, using ' | ||
+ | BACKUP=NETFS | ||
+ | ### write both rescue image and backup to the device labeled REAR-000 | ||
+ | BACKUP_URL=usb:/// | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Creamos backup que tarda unos 4 minutos. Si hemos montado la tarjeta, hay que desmontarla, | ||
+ | rear -v mkbackup | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Relax-and-Recover 2.4 / Git | ||
+ | Using log file: / | ||
+ | Using backup archive '/ | ||
+ | Creating disk layout | ||
+ | Using guessed bootloader ' | ||
+ | Creating root filesystem layout | ||
+ | Cannot include keyboard mappings (no keymaps default directory '' | ||
+ | Copying logfile / | ||
+ | Copying files and directories | ||
+ | Copying binaries and libraries | ||
+ | Copying kernel modules | ||
+ | Copying all files in / | ||
+ | Creating recovery/ | ||
+ | Created initrd.cgz with gzip default compression (67642238 bytes) in 17 seconds | ||
+ | Saved / | ||
+ | Copying resulting files to usb location | ||
+ | Saving / | ||
+ | Creating tar archive '/ | ||
+ | Archived 529 MiB [avg 5263 KiB/sec] OK | ||
+ | Archived 529 MiB in 104 seconds [avg 5212 KiB/sec] | ||
+ | Exiting rear mkbackup (PID 1753) and its descendant processes | ||
+ | Running exit tasks | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vemos que ha escrito en la tarjeta: | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | lost+found | ||
+ | boot | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | boot/ | ||
+ | rear | ||
+ | rear/ | ||
+ | rear/nas | ||
+ | rear/ | ||
+ | rear/ | ||
+ | rear/ | ||
+ | rear/ | ||
+ | rear/ | ||
+ | rear/ | ||
+ | rear/ | ||
+ | nas | ||
+ | nas/ | ||
+ | nas/ | ||
+ | nas/VERSION | ||
+ | nas/README | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Reiniciamos y arrancamos desde la tarjeta pulsando F11: | ||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Seleccionamos la microsd, opción 3 | ||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Subimos en el menu de grub y seleccionamos Recovery images, en nuestro caso nas: | ||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Seleccionamos el backup que nos interese si hay varios: | ||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cuando nos salga la pantalla de login, ponemos root (no nos pedirá contraseña) y luego rear recover | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pulsamos siempre 1) por defecto en todas las preguntas, al no ser que queremos hacer algún cambio, como los layouts, por si el disco destino es mas pequeño de tamaño. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Tarda un minuto | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cuando acabe, reiniciamos y ya lo tenemos recuperado. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Recuperación Raid ===== | ||
+ | Tenemos 4 discos en RAID 5. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Miramos los discos que hay: | ||
+ | cat / | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] | ||
+ | md0 : active raid5 sdb1[2] sda1[0] sdc1[1] sdd1[3] | ||
+ | 23441679360 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU] | ||
+ | [> | ||
+ | bitmap: 58/59 pages [232KB], 65536KB chunk | ||
+ | |||
+ | unused devices: < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Mas detalle: | ||
+ | mdadm --detail /dev/md0 | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | /dev/md0: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Raid Level : raid5 | ||
+ | Array Size : 23441679360 (22355.73 GiB 24004.28 GB) | ||
+ | Used Dev Size : 7813893120 (7451.91 GiB 8001.43 GB) | ||
+ | Raid Devices : 4 | ||
+ | Total Devices : 4 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | State : active, resyncing | ||
+ | Active Devices : 4 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Failed Devices : 0 | ||
+ | Spare Devices : 0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Layout : left-symmetric | ||
+ | Chunk Size : 512K | ||
+ | |||
+ | Consistency Policy : bitmap | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | Name : nas:0 (local to host nas) | ||
+ | UUID : ba93d654: | ||
+ | Events : 3722 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Number | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Quitamos un disco a saco como si fallara: | ||
+ | cat / | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] | ||
+ | md0 : active raid5 sdb1[2] sda1[0] sdc1[1] | ||
+ | 23441679360 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] | ||
+ | bitmap: 58/59 pages [232KB], 65536KB chunk | ||
+ | |||
+ | unused devices: < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | mdadm --detail /dev/md0 | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | /dev/md0: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Raid Level : raid5 | ||
+ | Array Size : 23441679360 (22355.73 GiB 24004.28 GB) | ||
+ | Used Dev Size : 7813893120 (7451.91 GiB 8001.43 GB) | ||
+ | Raid Devices : 4 | ||
+ | Total Devices : 3 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | State : clean, degraded | ||
+ | Active Devices : 3 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Failed Devices : 0 | ||
+ | Spare Devices : 0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Layout : left-symmetric | ||
+ | Chunk Size : 512K | ||
+ | |||
+ | Consistency Policy : bitmap | ||
+ | |||
+ | Name : nas:0 (local to host nas) | ||
+ | UUID : ba93d654: | ||
+ | Events : 4069 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Number | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Paramos el servidor y metemos el disco nuevo. Al arrancar está igual: | ||
+ | cat / | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] | ||
+ | md0 : active raid5 sdb1[2] sda1[0] sdc1[1] | ||
+ | 23441679360 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] | ||
+ | bitmap: 58/59 pages [232KB], 65536KB chunk | ||
+ | |||
+ | unused devices: < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | mdadm --detail /dev/md0 | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | /dev/md0: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Raid Level : raid5 | ||
+ | Array Size : 23441679360 (22355.73 GiB 24004.28 GB) | ||
+ | Used Dev Size : 7813893120 (7451.91 GiB 8001.43 GB) | ||
+ | Raid Devices : 4 | ||
+ | Total Devices : 3 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | State : active, degraded | ||
+ | Active Devices : 3 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Failed Devices : 0 | ||
+ | Spare Devices : 0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Layout : left-symmetric | ||
+ | Chunk Size : 512K | ||
+ | |||
+ | Consistency Policy : bitmap | ||
+ | |||
+ | Name : nas:0 (local to host nas) | ||
+ | UUID : ba93d654: | ||
+ | Events : 4236 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Number | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Lo añadimos: | ||
+ | mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sdd | ||
+ | mdadm: added /dev/sdd | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vemos que hace el rebuild: | ||
+ | mdadm --detail /dev/md0 | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | /dev/md0: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Raid Level : raid5 | ||
+ | Array Size : 23441679360 (22355.73 GiB 24004.28 GB) | ||
+ | Used Dev Size : 7813893120 (7451.91 GiB 8001.43 GB) | ||
+ | Raid Devices : 4 | ||
+ | Total Devices : 4 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
+ | State : active, degraded, recovering | ||
+ | Active Devices : 3 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Failed Devices : 0 | ||
+ | Spare Devices : 1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Layout : left-symmetric | ||
+ | Chunk Size : 512K | ||
+ | |||
+ | Consistency Policy : bitmap | ||
+ | |||
+ | Rebuild Status : 0% complete | ||
+ | |||
+ | Name : nas:0 (local to host nas) | ||
+ | UUID : ba93d654: | ||
+ | Events : 4454 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Number | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Al mirar el estado, indica que tardará 8.000 minutos (mas de 5 días) en sincronizar: | ||
+ | cat / | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] | ||
+ | md0 : active raid5 sdd[4] sdb1[2] sda1[0] sdc1[1] | ||
+ | 23441679360 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] | ||
+ | [> | ||
+ | bitmap: 58/59 pages [232KB], 65536KB chunk | ||
+ | |||
+ | unused devices: < | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
informatica/microservers.txt · Last modified: 2020/12/16 00:15 by jose