Por defecto Vagrant usa Virtualbox como tecnología de virtualización.

Aquí se va a documentar cómo usar KVM (libvirt) como tecnología de virtualización.

1. Instalar KVM

https://computingforgeeks.com/install-kvm-centos-rhel-ubuntu-debian-sles-arch/

1.1. Instalar paquetes

sudo apt -y install libvirt-daemon libosinfo-bin libguestfs-tools libvirt-daemon-system qemu-kvm virtinst bridge-utils virt-top

1.2. Habilitar módulo de kernel

sudo modprobe vhost_net

1.3. Comprobar

Listar:

sudo lsmod | grep vhost

Salida esperada similar a:

vhost_net 20480 0
tun 28672 1 vhost_net
vhost 45056 1 vhost_net
macvtap 24576 1 vhost_net

1.4. Cargar el módulo cada vez que se reinicie el servidor

echo "vhost_net" | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

2. Instalar vagrant

https://computingforgeeks.com/install-latest-vagrant-on-ubuntu-debian-kali-linux/

2.1. Obtener la última versión

https://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html

2.2. Instalar paquetes

sudo apt-get install wget

2.3. Descargar

VER="2.2.7"
wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/vagrant/${VER}/vagrant_${VER}_x86_64.deb
sudo dpkg -i vagrant_${VER}_x86_64.deb

2.4. Comprobar

vagrant --version

Resultado esperado similar a:

Vagrant 2.2.7

3. Istalar plugin libvirt para Vagrant

https://github.com/vagrant-libvirt/vagrant-libvirt https://computingforgeeks.com/using-vagrant-with-libvirt-on-linux/

3.1. Instalar paquete

sudo apt-get install libvirt-dev build-essential

3.2. Instalar plugin desde vagrant

vagrant plugin install vagrant-libvirt

Resultado esperado similar a:

Installing the 'vagrant-libvirt' plugin. This can take a few minutes...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
Fetching: fog-libvirt-0.7.0.gem (100%)
Fetching: vagrant-libvirt-0.0.45.gem (100%)
Installed the plugin 'vagrant-libvirt (0.0.45)'!

3.3. Comprobar

vagrant plugin list

Salida esperada similar a:

vagrant-libvirt (0.0.45, global)

4. Pasos adicionales antes de levantar máquinas virtuales

4.1. Añadir el usuario (en este ejemplo 'usuario') al grupo libvirt

sudo usermod -a -G libvirt usuario

4.2. Instalar paquetes NFS

sudo apt-get install nfs-common nfs-kernel-server

1. Crear vagrant file

En este caso lo haremos manualmente, pero se podría crear con:

vagrant init debian/testing64

Crear el archivo:

vim Vagrantfile

Con el siguiente contenido:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.define :test_vm do |test_vm|
    test_vm.vm.box = "debian/testing64"
  end
end

2. Crear la máquina virtual

vagrant up --provider=libvirt

3. Comprobar

3.1. Buscar la máquina virtual con virsh

sudo virsh list

Salida esperada similar a:

 Id   Name                   State
--------------------------------------
 1    jenkins-node_test_vm   running

3.2. Conectarse

vagrant ssh

Debemos estar dentro de la máquina

4. Limpieza

4.1. Salir de la máquina virtual

exit

4.2. Eliminar la máquina virtual

vagrant destroy

Pulsar 'y' y tecla 'enter'

sudo service libvirtd stop

ps ax | grep libv

sudo killall /usr/sbin/dnsmasq

sudo apt-get purge libvirt* kvm qemu*

sudo rm -fr /etc/libvirt/
rm -fr ~/.vagrant*
sudo rm -fr /var/lib/libvirt/
sudo rm -fr /etc/apparmor.d/libvirt/
sudo rm -fr /var/run/libvirt/
rm -fr ~/.config/libvirt

sudo rm -fr ~/.vagrant*
sudo rm -fr /tmp/.vagrant*
sudo rm -fr ~/.cache/libvirt

Uninstalling Vagrant https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/installation/uninstallation.html

sudo rm -rf /opt/vagrant
sudo rm -f /usr/bin/vagrant

sudo ip link set virbr1 down
sudo brctl delbr virbr1

/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/vagrant-libvirt.xml

      before

<network ipv6='yes'>
  <name>vagrant-libvirt</name>
  <uuid>f9dd4e87-b07e-4722-a8a4-bd2b7bcd8aa5</uuid>
  <forward mode='nat'/>
  <bridge name='virbr1' stp='on' delay='0'/>
  <mac address='52:54:00:41:40:ca'/>
  <ip address='192.168.121.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'>
    <dhcp>
      <range start='192.168.121.1' end='192.168.121.254'/>
    </dhcp>
  </ip>
</network>

sudo virsh net-edit vagrant-libvirt

<network ipv6='yes'>
  <name>vagrant-libvirt</name>
  <uuid>f9dd4e87-b07e-4722-a8a4-bd2b7bcd8aa5</uuid>
  <forward mode='nat'/>
  <bridge name='virbr1' stp='on' delay='0'/>
  <mac address='52:54:00:41:40:ca'/>
  <ip address='10.151.0.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'>
    <dhcp>
      <range start='10.151.0.1' end='10.151.0.254'/>
    </dhcp>
  </ip>
</network>

sudo service libvirtd stop

sudo ifconfig virbr1 down
sudo ip link set virbr1 down
sudo brctl delbr virbr1

sudo service libvirtd start

Bridge was NOT created…

Solution: start the network

sudo virsh net-start vagrant-libvirt

If still issues, try to stop/start the libvirt network:

sudo virsh net-destroy vagrant-libvirt
sudo virsh net-start vagrant-libvirt

Then check editing it:

sudo virsh net-edit vagrant-libvirt

Error completo:

Vagrant failed to properly resolve required dependencies. These
errors can commonly be caused by misconfigured plugin installations
or transient network issues. The reported error is:

ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /home/usuario/.vagrant.d/gems/2.4.9/gems/ruby-libvirt-0.7.1/ext/libvirt
/opt/vagrant/embedded/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20200323-36563-y7sayr.rb extconf.rb
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=/opt/vagrant/embedded/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
        --with-libvirt-include
        --without-libvirt-include
        --with-libvirt-lib
        --without-libvirt-lib
        --with-libvirt-config
        --without-libvirt-config
        --with-pkg-config
        --without-pkg-config
extconf.rb:73:in `<main>': libvirt library not found in default locations (RuntimeError)

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /home/usuario/.vagrant.d/gems/2.4.9/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.4.0/ruby-libvirt-0.7.1/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /home/usuario/.vagrant.d/gems/2.4.9/gems/ruby-libvirt-0.7.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/usuario/.vagrant.d/gems/2.4.9/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.4.0/ruby-libvirt-0.7.1/gem_make.out

1. Obtner el error exacto. En este caso:

cat /home/usuario/.vagrant.d/gems/2.4.9/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.4.0/ruby-libvirt-0.7.1/mkmf.log

Salida esperada similar a:

"pkg-config --exists libvirt"
package configuration for libvirt is not found

2. Instalar paquete:

sudo apt-get install libvirt-dev

Error completo:

Error while connecting to libvirt: Error making a connection to libvirt URI qemu:///system?no_verify=1&keyfile=/home/usuario/.ssh/id_rsa:
Call to virConnectOpen failed: authentication unavailable: no polkit agent available to authenticate action 'org.libvirt.unix.manage'

Solución:

Añadir el usuario al grupo 'libvirt'. En este ejemplo:

sudo usermod -a -G libvirt usuario

Error completo:

It appears your machine doesn't support NFS, or there is not an
adapter to enable NFS on this machine for Vagrant. Please verify
that `nfsd` is installed on your machine, and try again. If you're
on Windows, NFS isn't supported. If the problem persists, please
contact Vagrant support.

Solución:

sudo apt-get install nfs-common nfs-kernel-server

Causa:

Existe un volumen de libvirt con el mismo nombre “default”, probablemente porque no se ejecutó el “vagrant destroy” para hacer limpia con la VM

Solución:

Primero intentar:

vagrant destroy

Y re-intentar:

vagrant up

Si eso no funciona:

1. (Desde el docker host) Obtener el detalle de los volúmenes libvirt

sudo virsh vol-list default

Salida esperada similar a:

 Name                                                        Path
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 container__default.img                                      /var/lib/libvirt/images/container__default.img
 debian-VAGRANTSLASH-buster64_vagrant_box_image_10.3.0.img   /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian-VAGRANTSLASH-buster64_vagrant_box_image_10.3.0.img
 docker_default.img                                          /var/lib/libvirt/images/docker_default.img

2. Suprimir el volumen.

TODO: dar más pistas de cómo determinar exactamente el volumen a eliminar

sudo virsh vol-delete container__default.img default

Salida esperada similar a:

Vol container__default.img deleted

3. Volver a probar:

vagrant up